饰面清水混凝土施工工艺及质量管控的研究与应用

以上海市杨浦区某公共建筑为背景工程,结合实际工况和关键工序,从内外模板的制作、运输、连接及安装,混凝土浇筑,成品保护等方面,介绍分析了饰面清水混凝土的施工工艺流程、施工过程中的质量管控措施及相关注意事项,可为相关工程施工提供借鉴经验.     

A novel profile with high efficiency for hydrogen-circulating Roots pumps used in FCVs

Low flow rate is one of the primary disadvantages of Roots pumps when they are applied in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. A novel profile for Roots pumps was developed in this paper to increase the working volume and reduce the internal leakage. The available range of the design parameters of the Roots pump with the new profile was determined analytically, and an improvement in the working volume was validated. The flow dynamics inside the traditional and new pumps were investigated by experiments and numerical simulations. The analytical results indicated that the maximum area utilization of the new profile was approximately 10.4% higher than that of the traditional profile at the same lobe number. The numerical results demonstrated the superiority of the proposed profile in high flow rate and sealing. The tip concentric arcs of the new profile reduced the internal leakage via the radial gap. The characteristic of multipoint meshing within a certain range of rotational angles reduced the interlobe leakage.     

电热小家电材料的绿色性评价和选择方法

绿色制造是社会可持续发展的重要保障,绿色材料是绿色制造中不可或缺的一部分.针对电热家电材料选择的不确定性和主观性,提出了一种包含绿色性评价和基于绿色性材料选择的混合多标准决策问题解决方法PGT(a hybrid PIV contain GPMBWM and TFMN),该方法包含了对材料进行选择的邻近指数值法和对评价标准的权重进行计算的基于最优最劣的目标编程模型法,并在构建多标准决策方法模型中使用梯形模糊多数代替对定性属性的摇述.随后将PGT法应用于现有电饭煲内胆材料选择中,应用包含三个阶段,首先根据内胆材料的选择标准进行材料的初步评价和选择,随后对选择的内胆材料的绿色性能进行评估,最后结合材料的绿色性评估结果对内胆材料再次进行评价和选择,结果表明不锈钢材料绿色性最佳.     

Potassium ions stabilized hollow Mn-based prussian blue analogue nanocubes as cathode for high performance sodium ions battery

Mn-based Prussian blue analogue is regarded as one of the promising cathodes for sodium ions battery owing to its high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, the unstable structure during charging/discharging process and the poor cycle life hinder its commercial application. In this work, potassium ions stabilized hollow Mn-based Prussian blue analogue is synthesized through a simple sodium citrate assisted method using for cathode of sodium-ions batteries. Although unique hollow structure could suffer volume variation during charging/discharging process, the K⁺ is introduced to further stabilize its structure. The PBAs cathode exhibits a high reversible specific capacity of 128 mA h g^?1 at 50 mA and superior rate performance of 72 mA h g^?1 at a high current density of 3200 mA g^?1, which is attributed to its stable structure and enhanced sodium ions transport kinetics. Ex-situ XRD/Raman tests and electrochemical measurements further prove the synergistic effect of various alkali ions (K⁺/Na⁺) and unique hollow structure. They work together to improve the structural stability and promote sodium ions diffusion rate of Mn-based PBAs.     

Effect of lognormal particle size distributions on particle spreading in additive manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) has attracted much attention worldwide in various applications due to its convenience and flexibility to rapidly fabricate products, which is a key advantage compared to the traditional subtractive manufacturing. This discrete element method (DEM) study focusses on the impact of particle polydispersity during the particle spreading process on parameters that affect the quality of the final product, like packing and bed surface roughness. The particle systems include four lognormal particle size distribution (PSD) widths, which are benchmarked against the monodisperse system with the same mean particle diameter. The results reveal that: (i) the solid volume fraction of the initial packed particle bed in the delivery chamber increases then plateaus as the PSD width increases; (ii) regardless of PSD width, the solid volume fraction of the particle bed increases with spreading layer height before compression, but decreases with layer height after compression; (iii) the bed surface roughness increases with PSD width or layer height both before and after the compression of the spreading layer; (iv) the extent of increase in solid volume fraction during compression is correlated with the extent of decrease in bed surface roughness; and (v) the broader PSDs exhibit larger fluctuations of solid volume fraction of the particle bed and bed surface roughness due to greater variability in the arrangement of particles of different sizes. The results here have important implications on the design and operation of particle-based AM systems.     

Nonlinear dynamic characteristics and bifurcation analysis of Ti–Zr–Ni quasicrystal as hydrogen storage material

In this article, the nonlinear dynamic characteristics and bifurcation of a Ti–Zr–Ni quasicrystal impacted by hydrogen atoms are studied. New nonlinear damping terms are proposed to express the delay characteristics of Ti–Zr–Ni quasicrystal, and the accurate natural frequency is obtained by the harmonic balance method. A new method based on the developed largest Lyapunov exponent is proposed to analyze the local stability of any point in the system, and the system's global stability is determined. Finally, a new way to realize the switch between hydrogen storage and release based on stochastic Hopf bifurcation is proposed. The results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that the system's motion can be switched between a periodic orbit and a balanced point near the bifurcation boundary with little energy consumption, which is helpful for hydrogen storage and release.     

Enhanced photo-electrochemical activity of ZnO/Cu2S nanotube arrays photocathodes

ZnO/Cu₂S nanotube arrays are fabricated firstly by a facile and capping-agent-free method, and the photo-electrochemical performance has been studied systematically. The results show that ZnO/Cu₂S nanotube arrays achieve enhanced photo-electrochemical water splitting performance and the photocurrent densities of ZnO/Cu₂S are 7.9 times than that of ZnO at 0 V versus Ag/AgCl. The performance of the ZnO/Cu₂S nanotube arrays can be adjusted by changing the amount of Cu₂S microcrystals. The results confirm that the enhanced photo-electrochemical performance of ZnO/Cu₂S is due to the significantly improved visible light absorption, effective separation of photo-induced carriers due to the well band energy match and the formed p-n junction between ZnO and Cu₂S.     

Pressure wave behavior and its effects on structure under In-box LOCA in a helium-cooled lead lithium blanket of hydrogen fusion reactors

The helium-cooled lead lithium (PbLi) blanket is considered as one of the candidate blanket concepts selected for the hydrogen fusion DEMO reactors and beyond, which has the advantages of simple structure, strong heat removal capacity and high tritium breeding ratio. However, due to the harsh environment such as high-energy neutron irradiation, high thermal load and great pressure gradient, there is a high possibility that one or some of the thousands of coolant channels will break in the breeding zone, which is so-called In-box Loss of Coolant Accident (In-box LOCA). When the accident occurs, the high pressure helium will rapidly inject into the lead lithium flow channel, generating a complex two-phase flow and great pressure shock effect, which may cause the peak pressure to exceed the design limit and threaten the integrity of the blanket structure. Therefore, it is of great significance to perform the transient analysis of in-box LOCA to improve the safety of the blanket and avoid the leakage of radioactive materials. In this paper, a two-way coupling model for fluid-solid interaction was established based on the ANSYS Workbench, and the model were validated through the experimental data obtained by injecting the high pressure helium gas into liquid lithium lead. Then the validated model was applied to the transient pressure wave propagation analysis and structural stress analysis of the Dual-Functional Lithium Lead (DFLL) blanket in order to explore the integrity of blanket structure under In-box LOCA. In addition, the effects of break location on pressure and structural stress was also investigated through six cases. The study found that the transient pressure in the DFLL blanket gone through three stages in any case: step rise, oscillate, and flatten out. Pressure peaks occurred during oscillations and their values were strongly dependent on the break location. The closer to the inlet/outlet, the higher the peak pressure was. The maximum pressure reached more than twice of the inlet pressure (up to ~16 MPa). As a result, the structural stress in some local areas has exceeded the allowable limits, and the corresponding suggestions for improvement have also been put forward. This study can provide guidance for safety design, operation and accident mitigation measures of helium-cooled lead lithium blankets.